Analysis of family and medical histories of 5 children (ages 11 to 16) with autism and hyperlexia and 5 sex-matched and IQ-matched children (ages 9 to 15) with autism but no hyperlexia suggested that children with autism and hyperlexia represent part of the continuum of autism rather than a specific syndrome. (Author/DB)

This document is the report of a study of the distinctiveness effect on social infraction. Distinctive characteristics are those aspects of a person that are statistically uncommon within a social or cultural context. Previous research shows that people tend to categorize and make judgments about others on the basis of their distinctive…

The intent of this study was to investigate cognitive performance among Head Start children and to draw implications from such performance to increase understanding of the educational needs of Head Start children from families headed by unwed-mothers. Specific questions addressed whether cognitive performance among Head Start children differed on…

This monograph examines factors associated with adults' nonparticipation in organized learning. A deterrent to participation is defined as a reason contributing to an adult's decision not to engage in learning activities. First, existing models and theories that attempt to explain participation behavior are described. These include three recent…

Despite low levels of criminal victimization, older people often express greater fear of crime than others. To examine the causes and consequences of such fear, 1,185 adults aged 60 and over, were interviewed about their personal characteristics, social resources, environment, subjective well-being, and lifestyle. Results showed that older people…

Evaluates the relative contribution of a number of child characteristics to the prediction of social acceptance. Predictor variables included positive social interactions, occupied behavior when not interacting, mental age, chronological age, and sex. Results supported the efficacy of helping social isolates to interact positively with peers.…

Based on the premise that computers could translate brain research findings into classroom practice, this article presents discoveries concerning human brain development, organization, and operation, and describes brain activity monitoring devices, brain function and structure variables, and a procedure for monitoring and analyzing brain activity…

Two articles debate a recent research report on the status of Blacks in American society that concludes that differences in socioeconomic attainment between Blacks and Whites are the result of racial discrimination. The authors defend their report, although a critic asserts that such differences are the result of individual differences that place…

Examines the work of Zora Neale Hurston and Alice Walker for depictions of Black women as the victims of a tripartite oppression comprised of racism, classism, and sexism. (FMW)

Analysis of data from the 1958 Philadelphia Birth Cohort Study indicates that individuals who dropped out from delinquency were less likely to renew their involvement with crime as adults regardless of race, socioeconomic status, gender, or particular dropout period. (FMW)

Discusses methodological problems in the use of ecological analysis and pancultural analysis in cross-cultural analysis. Uses a case study to compare the use of cross-cultural analysis and a new procedure based on a within-culture standardization procedure. (FMW)

Nine adult males with mental retardation resulting from Fragile X syndrome were compared to males with mental retardation of other etiology. Fragile X males showed a distinct psychological profile with more autistic features, more schizoid features, and more schizotypal features. These males were also more shy, more socially withdrawn, less…

This study attempted to quantify diagnostic characteristics related to consonant production of developmental verbal dyspraxia (DVD) in 11 Dutch children (ages 6 and 7). The study was able to quantify diagnostic characteristics but found very few qualitative differences in error patterns between children with DVD and 11 age-matched children with…

As part of an effort to understand the dynamics of the hiring process by recruiters on college campuses this study surveyed recruiters. In order to obtain a good sample of recruiters, 11 college placement offices across the nation agreed to distribute surveys to employer representatives visiting their campuses. A total of 2,550 surveys were…

Violence is an integral part of American family life, yet little research exists concerning abuse among dating couples. To determine possible predictors of violence in college students' heterosexual relationships, 116 males and 388 females, or 94 percent of those contacted in psychology, sociology and nursing classes at Eastern Kentucky…