Maintains that, in spite of state efforts to reduce educational inequities, stratification actually increased during the Soviet period. Removing gender preferences for men corrected some inequity. However, parents' education, occupation, and geographical origin contributed to the stratification. Contains a concise history of Soviet educational…

Science education standards established by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the National Research Council (NRC) urge less emphasis on memorizing scientific facts and more emphasis on students investigating the everyday world and developing deep understanding from their inquiries. These approaches to instruction…

The article explores whether the idea of a nexus between research and teaching is still influential, what meanings are attached to it and within what concepts of higher education. It draws on research into the perceptions of two groups of actors, academics and students, and some recent scholarly analyses of the issues. It argues that the idea of…

Focusing on the states of California and New York, this book highlights the political aspects of educational policy, the configurations of power and how they play out with respect to history-social studies curriculum policy. The volume examines the politics of multicultural curriculum policymaking in these two states within the context of the…

This paper presents arguments for changing a portion of current federal policy for evaluating Chapter 1 grants to Local Education Agencies (LEAs). Chapter 1, part of the federal Elementary Secondary Education Act (ESEA), provides funds to schools and districts to improve education for economically disadvantaged students. The paper advocates that…

The Manitoba School Act of 1890 was an insult to the French Canadian culture and religion. New settlers in Manitoba brought with them the model of the Ontario school system, and as the new majority of Manitoba, they, through the Manitoba government, abolished French as an official language. At the same time, single, tax supported public schools…

Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean face severe financial restrictions in educational funding. Responses to these restrictions are complex and require strong experimental efforts and adaptation to distinct and changing national situations. The articles in this bulletin respond to various proposals and situations that illustrate the search…

The problem of high school dropouts has generated increased interest among researchers, policymakers, and educators in recent years. This paper examines the many issues involved in trying to understand and solve this complex social and educational problem. The issues are grouped into four areas, related to the incidence, causes, consequences, and…

This paper is a summary of a comprehensive work on the legal, social, educational, and political history of lesbian and gay teachers in U.S. society from colonial times to the present. Case law on homosexual educators is discussed, as are three major political campaigns that sought to prohibit homosexual conduct, activity or advocacy by school…

Education is an economically and socially productive investment. Therefore, the educational systems in developing countries must continue to improve in quality, in efficiency, and in equality of opportunity if they are to continue serving as important instruments for improving the national economy. Yet, budgetary austerity tightens the public…

The financing of higher education opportunities in California and the impact of current financial aid programs upon the formal structure of higher education and upon students is addressed. The issue of how Californians see student financial aid with particular emphasis on the extent of their understanding and the degree of their support is…

Malaysia's education system has experienced a variety of situations and circumstances since May 1956, when the Razak Education Committee laid the foundation for a national system of education. Discussed in this publication are the history of educational development; educational organization and administration; the structure of education;…

The effects of bilingual education and programs for students who are not native speakers of English have not been researched thoroughly enough to provide sufficient, accurate, and meaningful evidence that will support litigation. Accordingly, this paper provides a historical review of the role of litigation in obtaining educational equity for…

A regional workshop was held in which educational researchers and practitioners shared their innovations, successes, concerns, and progress in using research and development to promote excellence in their state and local education agencies. This document reports its proceedings. "School Improvement: What the Research Says," by David P.…

This paper discusses the changes in social processes and corresponding changes in education as a result of the presence of post-war, non-Anglo-Celtic immigrants in Australia. This is followed by analyses of recent reports which have influenced policy, and the paper concludes with identification of research needs in the light of recent research…