This commentary affirms that the methodology proposed in a paper by Richard A. Winett and others (EC 601 539) may be useful in conducting social validity assessments and applying these assessment data to improve behavioral interventions. The study of accurate and valid assessment of consumer satisfaction is encouraged. (JDD)

This commentary on assessing the social validity of behavior-change programs examines which groups should be included in the assessment, whether social validity assessment should be required, and whether new methods are needed. The paper notes that social validation should be an interactive process between researcher and consumer. (JDD)

This paper discusses a problem of educational equity in the British educational system. Specifically, the document focuses on a group of working class white male students who undermine school authority, promote social class entrapment, and essentially disqualify themselves from educational opportunities. Increasingly, British public secondary…

Available evidence does not support the notion that aging is associated with increasingly conservative social and political attitudes, or the idea that attitudinal rigidity is the norm among older cohorts. To examine whether aging is associated with attitudinal rigidity, nine surveys from the National Opinion Research Center were analyzed to…

Questionnaires from 220 young, married subjects were used to examine effects of community size on social-exchange orientations in marriage. Reward level explained 54.8 percent of the variance in marital adjustment for urban women but only 28.1 percent for rural women. Rewards of "money" and "information" were better predictors of adjustment for…

Notes the factors preventing the progress of internationalization in Japanese society in general and in the educational system in particular. Topics include traditional attitudes towards other countries, the prevalence of economic strength as a national goal, and the school system's preoccupation with preparation for entrance examinations. (JHZ)

Presents results of a study of predictions from major intergroup theories concerning factors involved in individual and collective mobility strategies of minority group members. Reports support for predictions of social identity theory, relative deprivation theory, and resource mobilization theory. Found that less talented minority group members…

Many people hold negative attitudes toward older adults, and these attitudes often are associated with negative behavior toward the old. To explore the behavioral correlates of attitudes toward the elderly, 105 male and female college students, with a mean age of 24.5 years, participated in a two-phase experiment. During phase one, all subjects…

This paper outlines several properties of internal representational models (IRMs) and offers terminology that may help to differentiate the models. Properties of IRMs include focus, memory systems, content, cognitive function, "metastructure," quality of attachment, behavioral strategies, and attitude toward attachment. An IRM focuses on…

Defines a value system as a universal, prolonged, consistent structure of priorities that defines an individual's life plan. Reports on a study of individual values among 3,154 Russian adults in 3 major cities. Identifies four generalizations based on the data about social values and social change in Russia. (CFR)

Deals with the development of children's understanding of social class. Presents results of a study of English 6 to 11 year olds' answers to questions concerning wealth, poverty, and social class inequality. Determines that older children could benefit directly from teaching about social class inequality. Finds more indirect methods necessary…

Presents results of surveys of apprentices, young workers, and students in former East Germany from 1970 through 1989. Includes data on attitudes toward religion, Marxism/Leninism, the Soviet Union, East and West Germany, and the media. Reports tremendous attitude changes in almost all categories assessed from 1970 to 1989, with those changes…

This article challenges applied behavior analysts to use their knowledge of consumer behavior and effective educational strategies to provide consumers with useful information, thereby enabling them to make informed decisions. This will decrease the misconceptions that many consumers have about behavior analysis, thus improving the social validity…

Nearly three-fourths of public school teachers are women, yet the majority of the 132 people who sat on the 6 major school reform panels of the 80s were non-teachers and men. Women in education are, as President Bush would have said, "out of the loop," because positions of power belong to men. This book examines the status of K-12 teaching in the…

This document presents a bibliography of research addressing topics pertaining to women administrators, managers, and other professionals. Most of the studies were conducted in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. A few earlier, groundbreaking studies also appear, as do contributions of scholars from various disciplines, including political scientists,…