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Guralnick, Michael J.; Hammond, Mary A.; Connor, Robert T. – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 2003
Subtypes of nonsocial play were examined for matched groups of young typically developing children and children with mild developmental (cognitive) delays. Findings indicated that the nonsocial play of these children can be characterized as multidimensional in a manner similar to that of typically developing children. However, context did not…
Descriptors: Child Development, Classification, Cognitive Development, Developmental Delays

Rescorla, Leslie; Roberts, Julie – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2002
Late talkers with normal receptive language were compared with typically developing peers at ages 3 and 4 on grammatical suppliance during speech samples. At age 4, "late bloomers" did not differ from typically developing children, but late talkers with "continuing delay" differed on several grammatical variables. Findings are discussed in terms…
Descriptors: Delayed Speech, Grammar, Language Impairments, Morphemes

Tyler, Ann A.; And Others – Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1990
The speech of four phonologically disordered children (ages four and five) with place and voice errors affecting initial stop consonants was described through phonological and acoustic analyses. The presence of productive phonological knowledge, as inferred from acoustic data, facilitated rapid generalization of correct production of the treated…
Descriptors: Auditory Evaluation, Generalization, Knowledge Level, Speech Handicaps

Pinsent, Pat – Early Child Development and Care, 1988
Discusses research on early reading as it relates to the phonics versus "look and say" controversy. Considers the courses of action available to parents and teachers which take the findings into account. (RJC)
Descriptors: Early Reading, Instructional Effectiveness, Phonics, Reading Instruction

Thal, Donna; And Others – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1989
The study examined two female children (ages two and five) with Williams Syndrome (characterized by moderate to severe mental retardation with verbal intelligence quotients significantly higher than performance intelligence quotients). Comparison with both normal and delayed children indicated an unusual cognitive profile. (DB)
Descriptors: Case Studies, Cognitive Development, Females, Language Acquisition

Hagopian, Louis P.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) was applied to reduce the destructive behaviors of five-year-old quadruplets diagnosed with mental retardation and pervasive developmental disorder. Findings suggest that the effectiveness of NCR may be dependent on the use of a dense schedule of reinforcement initially and that systematic fading can increase the…
Descriptors: Attention, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Developmental Disabilities

Eisenberg, Laurie S.; Dirks, Donald D. – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1995
Eighty normally hearing children (ages 4 to 8) judged the clarity of sentences that were systematically bandpass-filtered to increase intelligibility. Study of 10 subjects at each age found that children 5 years or older were able to make reliable clarity judgements using paired comparisons or category rating; however, the method of paired…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Auditory Discrimination, Auditory Perception, Child Development

Gunnarson, Adele D.; Finitzo, Terese – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1991
Long-term effects on auditory electrophysiology from early fluctuating hearing loss were studied in 27 children, aged 5 to 7 years, who had been evaluated originally in infancy. Findings suggested that early fluctuating hearing loss disrupts later auditory brain stem electrophysiology. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Auditory Evaluation, Auditory Perception, Hearing Impairments, Infants

Yaruss, J. Scott; Conture, Edward G. – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1993
Sound/syllable repetitions of 13 young children who stutter were acoustically analyzed to identify differences in second formant (F2) transitions between the stuttered and nonstuttered portions of the words. Findings indicated no significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of missing or atypical F2 transitions for young children at…
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech), At Risk Persons, Incidence, Prediction

Houlihan, Daniel; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
An intervention for noncompliance, consisting of a series of requests promoting a high probability of compliance followed either 5 seconds or 20 seconds later by a request with a low probability of compliance, was implemented with a preschool child with autism. Results indicated that a shorter interprompt time resulted in higher rates of…
Descriptors: Autism, Case Studies, Compliance (Psychology), Obedience
Britton, Helen L.; O'Keefe, Mary Allyce – Child Abuse and Neglect: The International Journal, 1991
This study of 136 children (aged 2 to 10 years) found that children referred for medical evaluation of sexual abuse will use sexually explicit behavior to demonstrate what has happened to them with nonanatomical dolls as frequently as when they are interviewed with anatomically detailed ones. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Child Abuse, Children, Clinical Diagnosis, Counseling

Bird, Elizabeth Kay-Raining; Gaskell, Annette; Babineau, Michelle Dallaire; MacDonald, Susan – Journal of Communication Disorders, 2000
Novel word learning in three conditions (signed only, spoken only, signed and spoken combined) was compared for young children (N=10) with Down syndrome and mental-age matched controls. No group differences in frequency of imitations or productions were obtained. The frequency of imitations was highest in the combined condition. In the combined…
Descriptors: Downs Syndrome, Imitation, Language Acquisition, Learning Modalities

Veltman, Marijcke W. M.; Browne, Kevin D. – Child Abuse & Neglect: The International Journal, 2000
Six physically maltreated children and 12 matched non-maltreated children (ages 4-8) were asked to draw their "favorite kind of day." Drawings were compared on three criteria: inclement weather, size, and movement of weather. Results showed that over a period of 18 months, maltreated and non-maltreated children consistently drew similar drawings.…
Descriptors: Child Abuse, Childrens Art, Freehand Drawing, Projective Measures
Comparison of Results of Functional Assessment and Analysis Methods with Young Children with Autism.

Cunningham, Echo; O'Neill, Robert E. – Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 2000
This study examined the comparative validity of rating scale, structured interview, descriptive observation, and experimental functional analysis approaches to the assessment of the problem behaviors of three young children with autism. The results indicated good agreement across indirect and direct methods. (Contains references.) (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Problems, Behavior Rating Scales, Functional Behavioral Assessment

Higbee, Thomas S.; Carr, James E.; Patel, Meeta R. – Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2002
This study evaluated use of the interpolation of reinforcement effect, which combines intermittent (INT) and continuous reinforcement (CRF) schedules, with four young children with autism using a free-operant preparation. Results suggest that responding may be less resistant to extinction following interpolated CRF reinforcement than following INT…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Modification, Contingency Management, Operant Conditioning