This paper examines the research and theories that describe the emotional and intellectual development of women and minorities, and relates them to student development today especially in light of the increasing numbers of students from various minority groups. Major theorists of student development, those who focus on either cognitive or psychosocial areas of development, are discussed. It is explained that cognitive theorists examine the ways in which human beings grow to understand the significance of life experiences while psychosocial theorists are concerned with changes and growth in emotions, actions, and thought that culminate in the creation of identity. Examination of the current literature reveals little student development research and theory being applied to other groups besides white males, aged 18 to 22 years. The paper argues that as the student population on campus changes, in order to properly understand and meet their needs, it will be necessary to develop more appropriate theories and research on student development. Contains 12 references. (GLR)