Designed to provide assistance in the assessment of the need for biomedical and behavioral research personnel, this report presents research findings related to specific medical careers. The review includes an examination of the system under which biomedical and behavioral scientists are trained for research careers and the United States government programs that support them. An introductory chapter provides an overview of the assessment procedures, findings, and recommendations. Specific study results are discussed for: (1) the clinical sciences (identifying trends in medical and dental schools); (2) basic biomedical sciences (including a survey of biotechnology firms and a market outlook for biomedical Ph.D.s); (3) behavioral sciences (explaining current supply/demand indicators); (4) health services research (providing definitions and examples of current health services research and identifying funding sources for this area); and (5) nursing research (examining doctoral programs and trends in nursing). A bibliography contains references from individual authors and also agency reports. Data from the assessment are provided in six appendices. (ML)