This study reveals that John Dewey and his theory of education had an influence on the beginning of progressive education in Eretz Israel in the first and second decades of this century, even before it had influenced the kibbutz educational system--the communal way of life, and other schools in the Jewish labor movement in Israel. This influence occurred when a small group of educators, attracted to the atmosphere of the new education, wished to turn it into the educational system of the Jewish National Revival movement in Israel in the years 1915-1925. The members of this group established a number of "active schools" (the Hebrew term for progressive schools), formulated pedagogic principles that they considered suitable to the needs of an emerging society, and even joined forces with the labor movement. The bulk of this paper describes the philosophy, principles, and practices of the school in Har-Tuv (1915-1916) and the Active School (1921-1923). (Author/DCS)