The use of systems theory as a conceptual framework is proposed as useful when considering computers as a machine component in teaching. Skinner's proposal that the label "computer" is inaccurate and counterproductive when used to refer to a machine being used for teaching is discussed. It is suggested that the alternative label "teaching machine" has the disadvantage of being associated with the past failure of "teaching machines" to live up to their expectations. Three practical applications concerning the human "self-assessment" process are discussed: (1) self-assessment multiple choice test; (2) self-assessment computer aided testing; and (3) self-assessment computer aided instruction and review. It is concluded that the day-to-day behavior of people in home, work, and leisure situations depends on the ability of individuals to assess the correctness of their own responses, as well as on the knowledge and skills which they possess, and that learning might better be considered a change in a person from being unsure and wrong to being sure and correct. Ten references are listed. (Author/LMM)