While research has examined the salient effect of fathers in child development, little attention has focused on the effect of the infant on the father. The impact of fatherhood on normative male development was investigated in a twofold manner. First, to assess the extent to which the birth experience and actual parenthood produced differing…

The quality of parenting in dual career families has been the subject of much debate. To determine whether employed and non-employed mothers, varying in psychological identity status (parental and occupational), differ in the maturity of their perspectives on children and the parent role, 37 married women with children were interviewed. The…

Reviewing research on grade retention, this paper describes tools and guidelines developed as an aid in retention decisions and examines actual promotion/retention policies and practices. Most research on academic and social effects of grade retention suffers from poor methodology, leaving the conclusions suspect and the results contradictory. The…