College undergraduates (n=38) were administered identical multiple choice tests with randomly presented answer-sheets numbered either vertically or horizontally. Of the originally-scheduled four tests during the semester, tests one and three were retested with entirely different test questions, also multiple choice, resulting in scores from tests,…

A survey of 97 teacher education students investigated perceptions of peers' cheating behaviors, perceived maturity level of the persons most likely to cheat, and degree to which respondents felt cheaters "neutralized" their cheating behaviors. Results indicate that, although cheating is not seen as a major problem, perceived neutralization and…

Using multiple choice tests and a statistical method designed to identify flagrant cheaters, the authors undertook to determine (1) the magnitude of cheating on take-home and open-book exams; (2) whether the amount of cheating varied according to three types of examinations (closed-book, open-book or take-home); and (3) if cheating was affected by…

A study was done of student and faculty attitudes to cheating at two New York City metropolitan area universities, one private and one public. The study population consisted of 404 students and 120 professors. All subjects responded to the Attitude Toward Cheating scale. This scale consists of 34 statements relating to various forms of academic…

Some research has shown that women's achievements in traditionally masculine fields are devalued. To determine if females would be judged more harshly than males for performing unethical behaviors in order to gain entry in competitive professions, and to examine gender differences in the evaluation of unethical conduct, college students (52 males…

Reports on a study that extends social psychological theories of deviance to explain academic cheating. Uses self-report data from college students to examine the theories of deterrence, rational choice, social bond, and social learning formulations of cheating. Supports the claim that cheating is a serious problem in higher education. (SLM)

Maintains that cheating in college-level economics courses is a serious problem. Presents findings based on the randomized response approach from 443 students at 2 major universities. Finds that at least 42% of college students have cheated on at least one examination. (CFR)

Maintains that cheating is a major concern on college campuses. Presents data from 2,153 upper-division undergraduate students on the frequency of cheating, reasons for cheating, and influence of penalties on cheating. Offers a model that develops an internalized code of ethics to counteract academic dishonesty. (CFR)

Reviews research on detection of cheating by students on multiple choice tests. Discusses three ideas concerning detecting, deterring, and confronting cheating. Discusses problems confronting teachers attempting to use statistical data to prove cheating. (CFR)

Analyzes the responses of 13 undergraduate education majors to a cheating incident in their moral development and education class. Interviewed by their teacher, the students discussed the incident in terms of teacher-student relationships, trust, individual morality versus imposed morality, and ethics. Relates these responses to theories on moral…

Some examinees' test-taking behavior may be so idiosyncratic that their scores are not comparable to the scores of more typical examinees. Appropriateness indices, which provide quantitative measures of response-pattern atypicality, can be viewed as statistics for testing a null hypothesis of normal test-taking behavior against an alternative…

This study examined the relationship between demographic variables and academic misconduct (cheating) among undergraduate students at a mid-sized, four-year public university. A total of 422 students from 22 classes completed a 27-item self-report measure assessing their involvement in 17 types of academic misconduct. In addition, the measure…