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Direct linkFoster, Pauline – Language Teaching, 2020
This paper reviews how the construct of oral fluency in a second language (L2) has been defined and researched over the last twenty-five years. The emerging picture is somewhat kaleidoscopic, as domains of cognitive, social, individual and linguistic influences on L2 speech have been opened up for study. L2 fluency research presents a wealth of…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Language Fluency
Peer reviewedNippold, Marilyn A.; Taylor, Catherine L. – Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1995
Elementary and secondary students (N=150) were given a forced-choice task of idiom understanding. Performance on tasks steadily improved with age, and idioms with higher familiarity and transparency were easier for students to understand. Results support the language experience model of figurative language development and the hypothesis that…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Comprehension, Elementary Secondary Education, Familiarity
