Programmatic text analysis can be used to understand patterns and reveal trends in data that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to uncover with manual coding methods. This work uses programmatic text analysis, specifically term frequency counts, to study nearly 10,000 chemistry thesis and dissertation titles from 1911-2015. The thesis and…

The merits of involving undergraduates in research activities have been publicized in numerous reports and have been promoted through various programs. Moreover, the value of offering research experiences specifically to first and second year students has been lauded. Undergraduate research is generally accepted to be a vehicle through which…

This is Part II in a series on Fourier transforms. Described are Fourier transform techniques using spectrometers in chemistry. Advantages of the technique are discussed. (RH)

This is Part II in a series on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Described are various advantages of FT-IR spectroscopy including energy advantages, wavenumber accuracy, constant resolution, polarization effects, and stepping at grating changes. (RH)

Describes the characteristics of rare earth elements. Details the physical chemistry of rare earths. Reviews the history of rare earth chemistry and mineralogy. Discusses the mineralogy and crystallography of the formation of rare earth laden minerals found in the earth's crust. Characterizes the geologic history of rare earth elements. (CW)

This paper explores how Fourier Transform (FT) mimics spectral transformation, how this property can be exploited to advantage in spectroscopy, and how the FT can be used in data treatment. A table displays a number of important FT serial/spectral pairs related by Fourier Transformations. A bibliography and listing of computer software related to…

Discusses the physical basis and current understanding of hydrophobic effects. The thermodynamic background of the effects, hydrophobic hydration, and hydrophobic interactions are described. Four existing controversies are outlined. (YP)

Describes a satisfactory junction that can be easily fabricated. Discusses the specifications and applications of the junction. States that this junction is especially useful for microcells. (CW)

Discusses the use of the mixture of a carboxylic acid and sodium borohydride as a reagent. The chemical mechanism of the mixture is described using structural formulas. Lists 15 references. (YP)

Outlines the chemistry of the rapid synthesis of relatively large DNA fragments (100-200 monomers each) with yields exceeding 99 percent per coupling. DNA synthesis methodologies are outlined and a polymer-supported synthesis of DNA using deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites is described with structural formulas. (YP)

Reports on a 30-year-old longitudinal study of reactions in gels. Described are reactions and crystal growth in silica gels and diffusion studies of the Liesegang ring formation. Color photographs showing the reactions and graphs upon the diffusions are presented. (YP)

The Grignard reagent used in the laboratory synthesis of organic compounds is the product resulting from the reaction of an alkyl or aryl halide with elemental magnesium. Describes the structure, formation, and some reactions of the reagent. (YP)

Reports an experiment for examining protein-ligand binding using the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Describes the experimental procedures consisting of the syntheses of an azosulfonamide and its complex formation with carbonic anhydrase. (YP)

Offers an improvement over the least-square method that is particularly applicable to fitting the Beer-Lambert equation. Provides typical data and the corresponding graphs. Lists six references. (YP)

This report, which examines expected major trends in ocean research up to the year 2000, focuses on the most important ocean research problems that should receive particular attention during the next decades, what major advances should be expected and what kinds of research should be encouraged for them to be achieved, and impediments to achieving…