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Defining and Assessing Individual Differences in Attachment Relationships: Q-Methodology and the Organization of Behavior in Infancy and Early Childhood.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Waters, Everett; Deane, Kathleen E. – Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 1985
Argues that none of the conventional methods for assessing attachment meet all criteria. Describes development of a 100-item sort for assessing secure attachment in toddlers, closely tied to Bowlby's control systems model of attachment. Evaluates the Q-sort in terms of criteria for valid thoery-based assessments that have applicability beyond this…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Methods, Parent Child Relationship, Test Construction
Cross-Cultural Patterns of Attachment: A Meta-Analysis of t?Y Strange Situation.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
van IJzendoorn, Marinus H.; Kroonenberg, Pieter M. – Child Development, 1988
Examines 2,000 Strange Situation classifications obtained in eight different countries. Differences and similarities between distributions in classifications of samples are investigated using correspondence analysis. Substantial intracultural differences are established; data also suggest a pattern of cross-cultural differences. (Author/RWB)
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Cross Cultural Studies, Infants, Meta Analysis
Patterns of Attachment in Two- and Three-Year-Olds in Normal Families and Families with Parental Depression.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Radke-Yarrow, Marian; And Others – Child Development, 1985
That a mother's affective illness may interfere with her ability to relate to her child in ways that promote a secure attachment is documented in these data. Depression decreased the likelihood of secure attachment between mother and child. Children of unipolar and bipolar depressed mothers had different patterns of attachment. (RH)
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Comparative Analysis, Depression (Psychology), Family Characteristics
Role of Marital Quality in Toddler Development.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Goldberg, Wendy A.; Easterbrooks, M. Ann – Developmental Psychology, 1984
Examines associations among contemporaneous measures of marital quality, parenting attitudes and behavior, and toddler development in two-parent families. Seventy-five families with one 20-month-old child served as subjects. Results generally indicated that good marital quality was associated with optimal toddler functioning and sensitive…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Family Environment, Individual Development, Marriage
Effects of Early Maternal Employment on Toddlers, Mothers, and Fathers.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Easterbrooks, M. Ann; Goldberg, Wendy A. – Developmental Psychology, 1985
Investigates the impact of early maternal employment--direct (mother-child) and indirect (father-child) effects--in families with firstborn 20-month-olds. Shows maternal employment is not related to toddler outcomes (security of attachment or problem-solving behavior). (HOD)
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Attachment Behavior, Child Development, Employed Parents
The Influence of Attachment Pattern on Developmental Changes in Peer Interaction from the Toddler to the Preschool Period.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Jacobson, Joseph L.; Wille, Diane E. – Child Development, 1986
Investigates the influence of infant-mother attachment patterns on the development of peer interaction between the toddler and preschool periods. Notes that, in an initial encounter with an unfamiliar peer, attachment patterns appear to be related more to the child's attractiveness as an interactive partner than to the child's own active interest…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Attachment Behavior, Behavior Development, Emotional Development
Emotional Development: The Organization of Emotional Life in the Early Years. Cambridge Studies in Social and Educational Development.
Sroufe, L. Alan – 1996
Written for researchers and clinicians, this book integrates key perspectives in order to illuminate common beliefs about core processes of emotional development. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 discusses the nature of emotional development. Topics covered here include: (1) questions relevant in a developmental assessment of emotions;…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Attachment Behavior, Behavior Development, Cognitive Development