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Aho, Leena – Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 1984
Studied viewpoints of 12-year-old Finnish students concerning the relation between man and nature and their own relation toward the natural world. Examined the cognitive level of thought processes, emotional considerations, and experiences shown in pupils' opinions. Found social, socio-economical, ecological, and ethical considerations had greater…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Decision Making Skills, Ecology, Elementary Education
Julkunen, Kyosti – 1992
A study in Finland investigated the relationship of two general aspects of student motivation for second language learning (preference for challenge and curiosity) and motivation specific to the learning situation. Subjects were 292 sixth-graders and 301 eighth-graders, who performed two open and two closed English vocabulary tasks in two…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Elementary Secondary Education, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries