Focuses on salary differences between male and female academics, in particular those that remain after controlling for differences in productivity, experience, academic field, and institution of employment. Data based on recent surveys of American academies indicate that a proportionate salary advantage accrues to men. (ML)

Describes one school system's experiment in allowing teachers to decide what materials and services to buy for their classes, thereby enabling them to enjoy some financial and professional benefits of private practice while retaining the security of the traditional teacher contract. Discusses potential problems and ways to overcome them. (IW)

Students' standardized test scores do little to gauge school program effectiveness. This article suggests that improving the data for monitoring schools, accounting for schools' varying financial picture, and relating outcomes to features capable of being changed will enhance program evaluation and school management. Some state efforts in this…

Divides the history of educational federalism into three eras: (1) Presidential Federalism (from the Constitution's enactment to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 1958); (2) Congressional Federalism (from ESEA until Reagan's election); and (3) Gubernatorial Federalism (the 1980's). Federal aid to education has been reduced,…

Reviews the availability and use of educational software in elementary and secondary education. Topics discussed include the slow growth of software purchased by schools, programs that support the curriculum, word processing, tutorials, and trends toward networking and MS-DOS compatible software. (LRW)

Discusses the increasing trend toward the pork-barrel funding of science projects, particularly for grants to academic institutions. Addresses the new strategies being employed by opponents of such funding. Describes some of the possible ramifications of the various strategies and the perceived link between science funding and economic growth. (TW)

Describes Scottish Central Institutions, which provide higher education mostly at degree level or the equivalent. Summarizes differences between the universities and the Central Institutions in the areas of vocational aims and objectives, teaching and validation, student applications, funding, and staff establishment. (JHZ)

To help educators understand the Hawaiian system of school finance, this article reviews previous studies, describes the state government's role in the budgetary process, and discusses statewide funding impacts in comparison with other urban school districts and states having similar per capita income and student achievement ratings. Includes two…

Describes various techniques day care center directors can use in collecting fees from parents. (HOD)

Reaffirms necessary elements for the successful operation of college purchasing and maintenance programs (e.g., purchasing calendar, bidding procedures, vendor selection, contracting services, budgeting for maintenance, and workforce analysis). Discusses ways some colleges are saving on operating costs (e.g., solar energy, energy management,…

The potential of computers in education cannot be reached unless planning includes effective use of computer technology and its applications. Presents a list of recommendations for developing computer use plans. (MD)

Reviews the advantages that community colleges gain from hiring part-time faculty during times of budget retrenchment. Looks at financial considerations, institutional ability to increase the scope of course offerings, part-timers' ability to provide specialized expertise and serve as a pool of experienced personnel from which to select full-time…

Explains two major methods of improving university-level social work curricula when budget restrictions prevent hiring additional qualified faculty: exploiting people resources (including faculty and staff in related and unrelated areas, former students, agency field supervisors, community members) and exploiting media resources (including books,…

Onsite reviews in West Virginia school districts were conducted to verify that state standards in finance, as well as other areas, were being met. The process has improved compliance with state finance standards and identified laws and policies that need to be clarified. (MLF)

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