The guide updates one section of a previously written manual on speech software for blind and visually impaired persons. The guide presents reviews of 14 specific commercially available software programs. Software is critiqued for IBM (Enhanced PC Talking Program, Soft Vert, Screen-Talk Pro, Artic Vision, Freedom 1, and Prompt-Writer), Apple…

Intended to alleviate the confusion about the Nemeth Code of Braille Mathematics (a system designed to meet the mathematical symbol and computation needs of visually impaired readers of all levels), the article presents the most frequently used symbols and rules in a simple and ordered format. (Author/DLS)

Basic behavioral processes involved in motor control based on theories of motor control and learning are outlined using the teaching of two-point touch cane technique as an application of the theories. The authors assert the importance of repetition, practice, and sufficient learning time. (Author/CL)

The author provides step-by-step instructions for using the Cranmer Modified Perkins Brailler, Apple Microcomputer, and Versa Braille. (CL)

The article provides six suggestions for preschool teachers with visually handicapped children in their classes. Suggestions are also given for classmates' guiding a blind child. (PHR)

In addition to discussing the program for teaching typewriting to blind students using the auditory mode, the article presents a sample lesson in print, along with typing rates achieved by earlier classes. (DLS)

The article describes ways in which visually impaired students can recruit readers on college campuses, make sure that they perform well, maintain productivity, and terminate them should it be necessary. (Author)

The paper discusses terminology and probable causes of cortical visual impairment, normal visual development, and visual dysfunctioning. Also considered are educational implications for this population such as the importance of clarifying activity goals and utilizing persons, objects, and events that are intrinsically important and rewarding to…

The article presents a review of the literature on the advantages of word processing for both nonhandicapped and visually handicapped students, and discusses a criterion-reference checklist that allows teachers to assess students' skills in use of the Viewscan Textline and text editor as well as providing ongoing documentation of the students'…

Visually impaired students can be successfully integrated into industrial education classes as long as careful selection, placement, and planning decisions have been made. Techniques for teaching machine-tool operation are considered, along with the use of aids developed specifically for visually impaired persons. (CL)

The characteristic features of RP (retinitis pigmentosa-an untreatable conditions usually resulting in night blindness) are discussed and functioning considerations in the classroom (including the use of protective devices and mobility aids) are noted. Classroom modifications such as darklined paper and black pens are suggested. (CL)

Reverse mainstreaming (integrating sighted children into a special class) can be an effective approach with visually impaired elementary students, both in terms of academic benefits (such as increased individualized instruction for sighted students) and social benefits (including a greater understanding of blindness). (CL)

Teachers of visually impaired students are cautioned to have patience, persistence, and an understanding of their students. Additional responsibilities of these teachers are considered. (CL)

The potential uses for Chisanbop, a Korean system of using fingers for calculating, in the education of the elementary grade visually impaired student are explored. (Author/SBH)

The uses and effects of group therapy with elderly blind people are discussed and some ideas are offered for overcoming clients' resistance to mental health services and for facilitating their emotional adjustment to visual loss by using nontraditional group therapy techniques. (Author/DLS)