More than 112,000 Indiana students speak a language other than English at home, and there are over 275 different languages represented in Indiana schools. Of these, over 50,000 students have been formally identified as English learners due to limited proficiency in speaking, listening, reading, and writing academic English. English learners make up roughly 5% of Indiana's total student population, and they are enrolled in schools and districts in every corner of the state. Some of these students are immigrants and refugees, but the vast majority of Indiana's English learners were born in the United States. English learners have rich potential - culturally, linguistically, and academically. Indiana assessment data shows that students who achieve fluency in English often end up outperforming their native-speaking peers on state content assessments. Whether a local education agency has one English learner or thousands, they are obligated to meet certain federal requirements for their students. This living document is designed as a reference for district and school personnel working with English learners (ELs). The content of the guide represents a compilation of information, examples and resources for use.