This document, based on the statistical yearbook, "Children in Israel 2014," presents data on the population of young children in Israel. The document presents a current picture of the well-being of young children in Israel intended to assist policy-makers and practitioners to understand the situation of this group of children and to provide a foundation for creating interventions based on these data. Such data are essential for the promotion of policy, planning services, and employing interventions with young children and their families as appropriate. The uniqueness of this document is its focus on young children, from birth to age six. It is known today that early childhood is a critical period in the child's development and therefore warrants a focused examination separate from data presented on the total population of children. No other source in Israel provides a comprehensive, up-to-date examination of the situation of young children across all areas of young children's lives. The data are presented by age or age groups. Unfortunately, it was not always possible to provide data on children aged 0-6, for example, in data on poverty and family structure in Israel. In these cases, the data are presented within a broader age group. This document contains nine chapters dealing with various areas pertaining to the lives of young children, including: demography, education, health, welfare, immigration, poverty, accidents, and child abuse.