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Solomon, Bonnie J.; Vazzano, Andrea; Rodriguez, Yosmary; Martinez, Michael; Tansey, Jonathan; Harper, Kristen – Child Trends, 2023
Recent years have seen a range of new state policies to reduce and prevent the use of suspension and expulsion in early childhood education (ECE) settings. Policymakers in some states have worked to limit disciplinary removals in public ECE programs by restricting suspension and expulsion in early grade levels and requiring or encouraging…
Descriptors: Educational Legislation, State Legislation, Early Childhood Education, Suspension
Wendy Tucker – Center for Learner Equity, 2024
With their increased autonomy and flexibility, charter schools can be a promising educational option for students with disabilities. However, during the inception of the charter movement, very few people were focused on ensuring that charter school policies addressed the needs of students with disabilities. Since its creation in 2013, the Center…
Descriptors: Charter Schools, Educational Policy, Equal Education, Students with Disabilities
Christopher Cleveland – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2022
Background: Suspensions can have negative effects on students' immediate academic and long-run outcomes, including increasing their likelihood of being arrested and incarcerated as an adult (Bacher-Hicks, Billings, Deming, 2019). School discipline practices have become a concern of families and policymakers and there have been increasing local,…
Descriptors: Discipline Policy, School Policy, Educational Change, Suspension
Beneke, Abigail J. – Educational Researcher, 2022
Concern about harsh and inequitable discipline over the past two decades has galvanized a host of discipline reforms. These reforms have gained renewed attention in recent months as both the COVID-19 pandemic and mass uprisings against anti-Black violence have both bolstered calls to reimagine schools as caring spaces. This moment raises urgent…
Descriptors: Discipline, Discipline Policy, Social Action, Caring
Nowicki, Jacqueline M. – US Government Accountability Office, 2022
In recent years, researchers, advocates, parents, and students have raised concerns about equity in school dress codes. Concerns have included the detrimental effects of removing students from the classroom for dress code violations. A committee report accompanying H.R. 7614 included a provision for the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) to…
Descriptors: Elementary Secondary Education, Dress Codes, School Safety, Equal Education
Lieberman, Abbie; Loewenberg, Aaron – New America, 2022
While research shows that exclusionary discipline practices in the early years are ineffective and developmentally inappropriate, young children continue to be suspended and expelled at high rates. An increasing number of states have taken steps to ensure that young children are not removed from programs due to their behavior. This report explores…
Descriptors: Expulsion, Suspension, Early Childhood Education, Discipline Policy
National Forum on Education Statistics, 2023
This guide is designed for use by school, district, and state education agency staff to improve the effectiveness of efforts to collect and use discipline data, including reporting accurate and timely data to the federal government. It explains the importance of collecting discipline data, identifies key considerations for agencies implementing…
Descriptors: Discipline, Data Collection, Data Analysis, School Districts
Neitzel, Jennifer – Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 2018
Racial inequity has long been an issue in the educational system. In recent years, researchers and policy makers have begun to recognize the role of implicit bias in the disproportionate number of African American children who are suspended or expelled from school. Particular attention is being given to the use of exclusionary practices in early…
Descriptors: Racial Bias, Early Childhood Education, Discipline Policy, Discipline Problems
McKenna, Joseph M.; Petrosino, Anthony – National Institute of Justice, 2022
In 2019, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) was directed to provide Congress with a report on the state of school policing in the United States that examined the current role of police in schools and provided recommendations on how they can better serve the needs of students. To address this directive, NIJ engaged two consultants to conduct a…
Descriptors: Police School Relationship, Student Needs, Social Justice, Police Community Relationship
Patrick, Kayla; Onyeka-Crawford, Adaku; Duchesneau, Nancy – Education Trust, 2020
Embedded within school discipline policies, dress codes, or codes of conduct are gender and racial biases that manifest in exclusionary punishments that have more to do with who girls are rather than what they do. Girls of color face some of the greatest barriers to educational opportunities and social emotional growth inside schools with poor…
Descriptors: Females, Minority Group Students, Barriers, Equal Education
Maryland State Department of Education, 2017
Disproportionate rates of suspensions and expulsions among racial/ethnic groups are a local, state, and national concern. Maryland has made significant progress in decreasing the use of exclusionary discipline, but there is substantial work left to do to move toward equity. Maryland has cut the use of exclusionary discipline practices by half in…
Descriptors: Disproportionate Representation, Suspension, Expulsion, Racial Differences
Losen, Daniel J.; Martinez, Paul – Civil Rights Project - Proyecto Derechos Civiles, 2020
This national study provides a comprehensive analysis of the instructions days lost due to out-of-school suspensions in 2015-16 for middle and high school students, for every state and district. The study also demonstrates how the frequent use of suspension contributes to stark inequities in the opportunity to learn, especially for those groups…
Descriptors: Educational Opportunities, Suspension, Discipline Policy, Race
Illinois State Board of Education, 2022
In the wake of the global pandemic, equity has increasingly been on the hearts and minds of educators, policymakers, legislators, families, and students. Students of color, students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, students that have English as a second language, and/or have a learning disability have historically faced obstacles at…
Descriptors: Equal Education, COVID-19, Pandemics, School Districts
Lee Collyer – Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 2022
The 2022 Legislature directed the Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) to create an advisory workgroup with specific participants to report back on topics related to student isolation and seclusion. This legislative report provides a background on the workgroup, history of isolation and restraint, current practices in the state of…
Descriptors: Discipline, Punishment, Behavior Modification, Timeout
Aspen Institute, 2021
The report contains real-world, proven school climate strategies to guide policymakers in building a comprehensive and coherent state-wide approach for improving school climate. It features 12 recommendations linked to existing state policy examples policymakers can use to build a comprehensive, coherent state-wide approach for improving school…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, School Policy, State Policy, Policy Formation