This is one of five panel reports that have been prepared as part of the first phase of Project 2061, a long-term multipurpose undertaking of the American Association for the Advancement of Science designed to help reform science, mathematics, and technology education in the United States. Major sections included are: (1) "Introduction"; (2) "The Processes of Mathematics" abstraction/representation, symbolic transformation, and application/comparison); (3) "The Subject Areas of Mathematics" (arithmetic, algebra, geometry, analysis, discrete mathematics, logic and set theory, and probability and statistics); (4) "Mathematics, Science, and Technology"; (5) "Mathematics and Language" (discussing mathematical language); and (6) "Emotions and Mathematics" (dealing with mathematics anxiety). The members of the panel and consultants are listed. (YP)