In 1985, California launched a 2-year curriculum reform initiative in history and social science that could eventually bring new standards of learning in these areas. Professional studies and student surveys relate a common message: a more extensive, literature-based, issue and idea-oriented curriculum, and better teaching methods would increase student knowledge and enthusiasm for their national and international heritage. School board members nationwide soon will be confronted with the issue because new instructional materials will be published to capture the lucrative California market. Unless school board members begin the curriculum review process now, they soon may face the dilemma of having new textbooks with a body of knowledge and a format that are incompatible with their current institutional standards. To ensure classroom success, new learning material should be supported by a sound curriculum, staff resources, and the community. (TE)