This manual focuses on legal issues confronting schools in the area of substance abuse and provides practical policy guidance to public school managers in enforcing a substance abuse policy. After a brief introduction, section 2 examines barriers to action, commenting on several myths affecting drug abuse policy. Section 3 deals with substance abuse by school employees, addressing these topics: (1) establishing substance abuse policies; (2) testing employees for drug or alcohol use, commenting on types of testing and matters of privacy; (3) disciplining employees for the use of, impairment from, or possession of drugs or alcohol and citing pertinent laws and the Federal Rehabilitation Act; and (4) assisting employees with substance abuse problems. Section 4, on substance abuse by students, addresses these topics: (1) establishing a substance abuse policy for students; (2) prohibitions; (3) methods and procedures of enforcement, commenting on reasonable suspicion and reasonable scope of search; (4) due process requirements; (5) discipline; (6) voluntary drug testing; (7) mandatory testing of student athletes; and (8) the need for a reasoned and personalized approach. A drug and alcohol abuse policy checklist; 13 appendices containing sample policies, notices, and forms; and a glossary conclude the manual. (WTH)