In 2021, Child Trends was selected to conduct a literature review and develop a policy and practice report to map the history of systemic racism in the U.S. and how it has influenced early childhood education (ECE) policy and practice, with a particular focus on educator pay and benefits, preparation, and workforce stability. This report…

Analysis of data from more than 1,600 residential facilities serving individuals with developmental disabilities revealed that real wages of direct care staff have declined significantly during the last decade, and the wage differential between public and private facilities (in favor of public facilities) has doubled during the past 10 years.…

This report contains detailed data on average salaries in the comparison institutions of the University of California and the California State University. It analyzes raw data submitted by comparison institutions for the University and State University and then provides a detailed written analysis of faculty salary parity computations. It is noted…

The prospective place of the aging worker in the employment environment of the 21st century is examined. The following are among the specific topics discussed: (1) the real world of work and retirement; (2) the changing employment environment; (3) the restructuring of business in the United States; (4) globalization and the economy; (5) downsizing…

This booklet provides an overview of the principal concepts of pension portability. Pension portability has become an area of increasing interest since a lack of portability discourages veteran teachers from seeking teaching opportunities in other districts or states. This obstacle can force teachers to abandon the profession, thus contributing to…

A survey of 205 people, 4 group interviews with approximately 30 people, and 6 design and analysis meetings involving approximately 40 people were conducted in a 1999 participatory study of contingent workers in Toronto. (Contingent work was defined to be lower-waged forms of non-permanent work arrangements that include contracting, employment…

This report compares the current-year faculty salaries in the University of California and California State University systems with projected salaries for the coming year at their respective comparison institutions, largely drawn from other parts of the country. The calculation of parity percentages, an estimate of the average faculty salary…

Employment characteristics, including employment status, history, and employment search patterns, were compared among three migrant groups--immigrants, recent migrants, and long-term migrants--from a representative sample of 218 migrant farmworkers randomly drawn in Wayne County, New York, during the summer of 1982. Results indicated that…

Local boards of education in New Jersey are authorized by law to withhold increments of staff members in certain circumstances. The purpose of this publication is to provide an analysis and summary of decisions involving a board's exercise of this authority, and it is intended to serve as a guide and a reference tool to be used in determining when…

Two developments require college governing boards and presidents to focus on executive compensation policies: the New York Regents' removal of the Adelphi University (New York) board over presidential salary and benefits, and federal legislation empowering the Internal Revenue Service to impose sanctions for excessive compensation in tax-exempt…

Survey data from 277 Ohio school districts (43 percent of those queried) are collected here in order to analyze trends in the use of statutory and negotiated benefits and collective bargaining with reference to a similar survey published in 1977. Based on surveys returned, information is organized into separate sections for classroom teachers and…

The benefits of offering high school students career and technical education (CTE) in addition to training in basic academic skills and the cost-effectiveness of CTE were examined by reviewing available data on demand, supply, and results for CTE. The analysis confirmed that the market and demand for workers with only a high school education still…

Maine's Parents as Scholars (PaS) program provides parents who are eligible for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) with cash assistance and support services while they attend a two-year or four-year postsecondary degree program. PaS participants receive the same cash benefits and access to support services as TANF recipients receive.…

The practices and perceptions of Wisconsin employers regarding welfare recipients were examined. First, 500 employers outside the Milwaukee metropolitan area were interviewed by telephone. Those data were merged with data from a survey of Milwaukee-area employers, resulting in a statewide sample of about 1,250 Wisconsin employers (25%, 35%, and…