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Direct linkSpencer, Tamara – Childhood Education, 2012
Beth attends a New York City K-8, dual-language (Spanish/English) public school where 96% of the students qualify as low-income, based on participation in the federally funded lunch program. Early in Beth's 1st-grade year, she was classified as a struggling reader, based on district-wide assessments that identified academic deficits in such skill…
Descriptors: High Stakes Tests, Intervention, Literacy Education, Writing (Composition)
Download full textSpolsky, Bernard; And Others – 1983
The development of literacy in selected bilingual societies was investigated. Historical and comparative studies were conducted of medieval Jewish communities, the Navajo community, a northern New Mexico village, and the countries of Paraguay and Tonga. The goal of the case studies was to develop a model for the development of literacy in the…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Case Studies, Guarani
