When students make the transition from elementary school to junior high school, they experience abrupt organizational changes in their school environment. The hypothesis that social comparison processes mediate the relation between ability grouping practices in mathematics and students' achievement expectancies was tested in a longitudinal sample…

A comparison of seventh and eighth graders' behaviors and achievement in K-8 and junior high schools shows K-8 students performing more favorably in all areas. Students in nine K-8 schools and nine junior high schools in the City School District of New York City were compared on reading achievement, attitude toward school, students' self-esteem,…

The relationship between student's home environment and achievement in science was examined using data from the 1985-86 National Assessment of Educational Progress, Science Assessment, for a nationally representative sample of American school age children in grades 7 and 11. Science achievement and background data were also collected for grade 3.…