This White Paper offers a framework for art educators to evaluate the alignment of their assessment methods and goals/objectives for student learning. This effort is an attempt to develop "understandable guidelines" for classroom assessment, specifically attending to the issue of validity. Assessments are valid insofar as they produce the evidence required to evaluate whether and/ or to what degree a student has met the intended learning goal; in other words, the assessment measures what it is supposed to measure. This White Paper gives art educators who aspire to engage in meaningful and valid assessment practices a starting point: examining the alignment of their learning objectives and the methods they use to assess student achievement of those objectives. Assessment White Papers for Art Education is a collection of essays that teach about current and established assessment practices and theories, and how they are relevant to all of the National Art Education Association's membership. This series offers a starting point for National Art Education Association (NAEA) members--across all levels--as well as parents, administrators, and the general public to understand assessments' applications to art education.