The author has written this latest volume to help parents and educators understand children's cognitive development and provide suggestions on how to nurture children to their full potential. A companion to "The Adolescent Brain", this rich resource: (1) Examines the neurobiology of childhood, explaining the body/brain systems that develop during pregnancy, infancy, and childhood; (2) Explores factors that can enhance or delay development, such as nutrition, family life, relationships, illness, intelligence, technology, creativity, and the arts; (3) Provides practical suggestions to help adults promote healthy development and successful learning in the children they encounter; (4) Includes a glossary of neurobiological terms. This book helps parents and educators understand the biological, emotional, and neurological changes that occur during childhood so they can support children's learning, socialization, and growth. It is divided into two parts. Part I, Understanding Childhood, includes: (1) Nature and Nurture: From Past to Present; (2) Mastering Movement: From Imitation to Exploration; (3) Brain Organization: From Input to Output; and (4) Development and Growth: From Womb to World. Part II, Nurturing Childhood, includes: (5) Nurturing: From Unconditional Love to Behavioral Limits; (6) Family and Friends: From Close to Loose Bonds; (7) Nutrition: From Necessary to Nice; (8) The Unexpected: From Joys and Toys to Fears and Tears; (9) Childhood Illness: From Short to Long Term; (10) Intelligence, Creativity, and the Arts: From What Is to What Could Be; (11) Home and Beyond Home: From Biology to Technology; and (12) Preparing for Adolescence: From a Sheltered Childhood Toward an Autonomous Adulthood. Appended are: (1) Neurons and Glial Cells; and (2) Theories of Multiple Intelligences. Acknowledgments, About the Author, Introduction, Glossary and Index are also included.