Libraries are faced with changing demographics, emerging technologies, and economic shifts. Families once attended library programs as a unit, children began kindergarten at age five, and libraries offered few programs for children under four. Intact and extended families are a thing of the past. Many children today are raised in single parent families, two-parent families where both parents work, families where the parents are teenagers themselves, and/or families that live long distances from extended family members. As a result, children are placed in child care at an early age, some as young as one month, and there is a greater demand for library programming for younger children. This publication addresses how libraries can adapt their programs and provide education for children from birth through age five and their families. The publication includes the following sections: (1) "Libraries and Early Learning"; (2) "Goals of Library Programming for Young Children"; (3) "Developmental Stages of Young Children"; (4) "General Guidelines for Programming"; (5) "Steps in Program Planning"; and (6) "Program Roundup," an inventory of some successful library programs for young children throughout the United States. (Contains 65 references.) (SWC)