Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a group of disorders directly caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. This spectrum of disorders cause neurodevelopmental, neurobehavioral, and mental health effects. The consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure are permanent, leaving children and adults with behavioral and learning difficulties throughout their lifetimes. This article provides an overview of medical diagnosis and assessment of FASD; neurological manifestations; neurocognitive and neurodevelopmental effects; assessment and special education; and interventions. Evidence-based intervention and treatment can help a child with FASD become more successful at school and with learning tasks, as well as give them the tools to be successful as an adult. School psychologists play an important role in helping determine and provide teachers with the necessary tools for intervention. Although there is no cure for FASDs, available treatment options can improve the outcome for affected individuals.