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Direct linkWilliams, Carmen Braun; Wiggins, Marsha I. – Counseling and Values, 2010
Many African American women begin counseling stigmatized by race and gender and may be targets of additional discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, class, age, and other social variables. In this article, the authors discuss "womanist" spirituality as a means for African American women to cope with racism, sexism, and multiple social…
Descriptors: African Americans, Females, Sexual Orientation, Religious Factors
Salazar, Carmen F.; Casto, Challon – Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 2008
The authors propose the Moving From Victim to Survivor of Cultural Violence model, using the stages of D. W. Sue and D. Sue's (1999) Racial/Cultural Identity Development model. This conceptual model describes the process of first overcoming internalized sexism, domestic abuse, sexual harassment, rape, and other forms of oppression and then healing…
Descriptors: Family Violence, Sexual Harassment, Victims of Crime, Gender Bias
Download full textUS Agency for International Development, 2009
The Doorways training program was designed by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)-funded Safe Schools Program (Safe Schools) to enable teachers, community members and students to prevent and respond to school-related gender-based violence (SRGBV). Doorways II was designed for community counselors to prevent and respond to…
Descriptors: Counselor Training, Personality Traits, Self Efficacy, Definitions
