Since 2005, the National Indian Education Study (NIES) has provided educators, policymakers, and the public with information about the background and academic performance of fourth- and eighth-grade American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) students in the United States. This report, the second in a two-part series based on the 2009 NIES survey, describes AI/AN students, their teachers and schools, and the integration of native culture and language in their education. Part I of the series reports on the achievement of AI/AN students in reading and mathematics. (Contains 23 tables and 24 figures.) [For Part I, "Performance of American Indian and Alaska Native Students at Grades 4 and 8 on NAEP 2009 Reading and Mathematics Assessments. NCES 2010-462" see ED510598.]