Analyzes the relationship of education and work by focusing on the attempts to introduce manual production activities into schools in developing nations. Discusses the link between school environment and productive work in terms of financial, pedagogical, and political motives. (KO)

Discusses the varying definitions of a practical secondary school curriculum and those assumptions about practicality that have led to errors in educational planning. Describes the curricular crisis in many developing countries in terms of confusion surrounding the purposes of vocationalization. Notes that educational planners should not duplicate…

Discusses the relationship of social and educational change. Contends that social change gives impetus to educational change and that these trends should be reflected in the practices of teacher education faculties. Identifies the need for increased professionalism in teaching and the corresponding implications for teacher preparation programs.…

Outlines a process for bringing about changes in teacher education and curriculum design in developing countries. Suggests that these changes will improve teachers' foundations of knowledge, while increasing the relevance of the curriculum. Argues that teacher improvement and curriculum development are complementary elements of improved education.…

Asserts that Erik Erickson's concept of identity gave a strong impetus to cultural anthropological research. Asserts that it is impossible for all 2,000 distinct ethnic groups to remain unchanged in today's world. Maintains that difficult choices of cultural traits selection will have to be made by peoples of all cultures. (CFR)

Describes the current status of the educational system of Malta. Asserts that a scarcity of personnel and financial resources put great pressure on teachers, administrators, and students. Contends that Maltese educators and the educational system are becoming more self-confident and self-reliant. (CFR)

Examines student guidance in secondary education in Latin America. Indicates trends in the field, concentrating on innovative strategies. Concludes that guidance counselors should select priority areas on the basis of local needs rather than depend on models originating in the United States and Europe. (KO)

Discusses educational development in nations of the Asian and Pacific region. Focuses on common attributes such as a healthy economy in spite of a wide range of economic systems and levels of development. Includes the traditional emphasis on human resources, new manpower requirements, and social demands for education. Examines education…

Discusses the history of educational planning and administration in Latin America. Describes a period of educational expansion and diversification after World War II and one of disillusionment during the economic crisis of the 1980s. Urges an thorough review of the traditional approaches of educational planning in Latin America and a search for…

Describes efforts to improve educational access and quality in the seven small nations that comprise the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States. Asserts that curriculum reform and textbook development are hindered by intellectual and financial dependence on larger nations. Concludes that cooperation among the nations is one way to help solve…

Proposes an alternative analytical framework for studying cultural pluralism and multicultural education in Latin America. Outlines a model of socio-institutional pluralism in education based on two axes of the human condition: (1) the axis of communicative action; and (2) the axis of symbolic control. (CFR)

Reviews curriculum development policies and strategies in nations with small populations and limited land area. Asserts that curriculum development in such nations is paradoxical; it is highly centralized and yet can utilize classroom teachers in the process. Recommends that small nations form partnerships to share curriculum development…

Discusses international cooperative efforts on educational improvement in small Pacific Ocean nations. Identifies problems in working with small nations with limited financial resources. Describes successful programs of teacher education and textbook development. (CFR)

Discusses the state of education in Africa. Argues that programs must be modified according to the political, social, and economic conditions of each country. States that school enrollments have stagnated, and quality of education has declined, resulting in increased school failure and a low level of cognitive achievement. Discusses collaborative…

Asserts that an increasingly interdependent Europe will require a high degree of literacy and lifelong learning. Maintains that excessive television viewing hinders the development of literacy skills. Recommends more research about literacy issues. (CFR)