Presents three studies investigating discrepancies in published American research on participation and its outcomes. The first study, a longitudinal review of research published between 1950 and 1985, showed societal trends affected research questions, methodology, and magnitude of reported effects. The other two studies corroborated these…

This report proposes 40 specific steps that can be taken to strengthen arts advocacy efforts in the region of the United States. Some steps can be taken immediately; others may take time to realize. There are five primary areas of recommended activities in this strategy, with simple "how to get started" instructions: (1)…

Discusses the problem of violence against women in Canada. Argues that recent government efforts to address the problem deal with the symptoms only. Cites findings indicating that child and sexual abuse are among the foremost fears of Canadian girls. Concludes that society pays too little attention to violence against women. (DK)

Presents interviews with a female college graduate and a male factory director concerning women graduates' opportunities in China's labor force. Suggests that Chinese managers fear that women will abandon job obligations in favor of family concerns. Lists four reasons that the factory director gave for failing to hire female workers. (SG)

Discusses a study of the attitudes of children of the former Soviet Union between the ages of 10 and 15. Reports results showing children's uncertainty about the future of Communism and dislike for Stalin but support for state ownership of property. Presents student views on life plans, values, and personal interests. (SG)

Theory on the patterns of generational cycles is examined as a context for looking at Generation X, born 1961-1981. General cultural and historical background characteristics of this group's members, their sociocultural traits and attitudes, and their relationship with their predecessors, the Baby Boomers, are discussed. (MSE)

The enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in July, 1990 created the need for rehabilitationists to have a thorough knowledge of the provisions of this complex legislation. This document, divided into five lessons, examines issues from the perspective of the rehabilitation professional. Lesson 1, "Introduction and…

Three major, interrelated areas will be of concern to the humanities in higher education for at least the rest of this decade: economics, the student population, and teachers' professional image. Crises in the national economic situation will continue to have an impact on the humanities in the form of public disinterest and a lack of funding by…

Discusses former Soviet schools' inadequacy in promoting students' political involvement. Reports that students can be grouped according to their social attitudes as (1) conformists; (2) negativists or nihilists; and (3) those with critical, creative attitudes toward majority opinion. Argues that schools can promote independent thinking by…

Argues that social justice is a legitimate goal of schooling and should be included in the curriculum. Discusses aspects of social justice including distributive justice and equality of educational opportunity. Maintains that Western educational systems have many possibilities for achieving social justice through the curriculum. (CFR)

Presents survey results on the movement to abolish corporal punishment in public education. Reports that fundamentalist Protestants are more supportive of corporal punishment than others. Predicts that religion is likely to be the route for public mobilization on this issue. Suggests that the greater punitiveness of Protestant fundamentalists…

The Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) database based on the American Freshmen Survey provides data for use in making marketing and management decisions in colleges and universities. This paper describes an operational cooperative model for managing and exploiting the data that CIRP makes available. The paper also offers an example…

Since 1980, Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test has been used to explore the relationship between ego development and managerial effectiveness in the context of Boston College's Masters of Business Administration (MBA) program. According to the theory of ego development developed by Loevinger and others, most adults either inhabit one of four…

As an agency of socialization, one of the main purposes of the school is to prepare children for responsible membership in society and to encourage appropriate social/moral attitudes and behavior necessary for good citizenship. This study of personal and social skills and values was conducted to help formulate the Canadian core curriculum.…

Asserts that issues of equality and equity are important to teachers and school administrators. Reviews previous research and reports on interviews with students about their conceptions of fairness. Includes a table illustrating how students develop conceptions of fairness and a class survey. (CFR)