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Im, Myung Hee; Hughes, Jan N.; Cao, Qian; Kwok, Oi-man – American Educational Research Journal, 2016
We investigated the effect of participating in two domains of extracurricular activities (sports and performance arts/clubs) in Grades 7 and 8 on Grade 9 academic motivation and letter grades, above baseline performance. Participants were 483 students (55% male; 33% Euro-American, 25% African American, and 39% Latino). Propensity score weighting…
Descriptors: Extracurricular Activities, Student Participation, Middle School Students, Student Motivation
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Foster, E. Michael; Jenkins, Jade V. Marcus – American Educational Research Journal, 2017
This article reconsiders the association between childhood arts participation and cognitive and developmental outcomes. Using data from a large, nationally representative sample with extensive covariates, we employ propensity score weighting to adjust comparisons of children who do and do not participate in arts education (music and performing…
Descriptors: Student Participation, Music Activities, Theater Arts, Art Education