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Hedge, Craig; Powell, Georgina; Bompas, Aline; Sumner, Petroc – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Response control or inhibition is one of the cornerstones of modern cognitive psychology, featuring prominently in theories of executive functioning and impulsive behavior. However, repeated failures to observe correlations between commonly applied tasks have led some theorists to question whether common response conflict processes even exist. A…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Cognitive Ability, Cognitive Processes, Meta Analysis
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MacPherson, Megan K. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2019
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of cognitive load imposed by a speech production task on the speech motor performance of healthy older and younger adults. Response inhibition, selective attention, and working memory were the primary cognitive processes of interest. Method: Twelve healthy older and 12 healthy younger…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Speech Communication, Speech Skills
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Rummel, Jan; Wesslein, Ann-Katrin; Meiser, Thorsten – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Event-based prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to perform an intention in response to an environmental cue. Recent microstructure models postulate four distinguishable stages of successful event-based PM fulfillment. That is, (a) the event must be noticed, (b) the intention must be retrieved, (c) the context must be verified, and…
Descriptors: Memory, Cues, Environmental Influences, Intention
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Jones, Manon W.; Snowling, Margaret J.; Moll, Kristina – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Reading fluency is often predicted by rapid automatized naming (RAN) speed, which as the name implies, measures the automaticity with which familiar stimuli (e.g., letters) can be retrieved and named. Readers with dyslexia are considered to have less "automatized" access to lexical information, reflected in longer RAN times compared with…
Descriptors: Reading Fluency, Dyslexia, Interference (Learning), Color
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Hale, James B.; Reddy, Linda A.; Semrud-Clikeman, Margaret; Hain, Lisa A.; Whitaker, James; Morley, Jessica; Lawrence, Kyle; Smith, Alex; Jones, Nicole – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2011
Methylphenidate (MPH) often ameliorates attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behavioral dysfunction according to "indirect" informant reports and rating scales. The standard of care behavioral MPH titration approach seldom includes "direct" neuropsychological or academic assessment data to determine treatment…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Rating Scales, Short Term Memory
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Lupker, Stephen J.; Katz, Albert N. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1982
Two experiments were undertaken to evaluate the influence of automatic semantic processing of pictures on word judgments. Results indicated that (1) perceptual factors influence responding in these types of tasks, (2) picture processing can facilitate word processing in some circumstances, and (3) incompatible background pictures can interfere…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Memory, Pictorial Stimuli
Neill, W. Trammell – 1976
Sequential relationships between Stroop color-word stimuli were explored in a random discrete-trials manual response design. Posttrial availability of an interfering response was indicated by a subsequent reduction of reaction time when that response became appropriate. Previous evidence for suppression of competing responses is probably…
Descriptors: Adults, Cognitive Processes, Conflict Resolution, Inhibition
Dyer, Frederick N. – 1972
The review summarizes empirical findings and theoretical views related to the Stroop color-word phenomenon, in which naming of a color is disrupted and delayed by the presence of an "irrelevant" word denoting a color different from the color patch. It was deemed important to increase awareness of this phenomenon, since it involves basic…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Bilingual Education, Cognitive Processes, Color