CONCLUSIONS OF JUDGE SWEENEY'S REVIEW OF THE SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, RULING ARE PRESENTED. THERE WAS NO DELIBERATE INTENTION OF THE SCHOOL AUTHORITIES TO SEGREGATE THE SCHOOLS. SEGREGATION RESULTED FROM A RIGID ADHERENCE TO THE NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, WHICH HAD BEEN IN EFFECT SINCE THE LATTER PART OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN…

The independent and interacting effects of race and poverty on academic achievement were examined for all fourth through sixth grade children attending public neighborhood schools in St. Louis, Missouri between Fall 1968 and Spring 1971. The Iowa Tests of Basic Skills (ITBS) was given at four points in time during this period to a total of 27,465…