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Direct linkAllensworth, Elaine – Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 2013
Chicago has been in the forefront of the country in its use of 9th-grade indicators of dropout. Catalyzed by the development of the freshman on-track indicator and research around it, Chicago school administrators, central office personnel, and external partners have developed a number of mechanisms using 9th-grade indicators to stimulate school…
Descriptors: Educational Change, Urban Areas, Low Achievement, Grade 9
Coffman, William E. – 1978
The Iowa Tests of Basic Skills were administered to over 600 black and white students in grades six through nine, to determine if the test showed bias against minorities. Outliers were identified from test results. Outliers are items which differ from the central core of test items because they fall outside the range expected from a random…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Basic Skills, Black Students, Comparative Testing
