The primary objective of this review of literature was to examine the relationship of eating disorders and disordered eating among female collegiate athletes. Since the institution of Title IX in 1972, the Educational Amendment to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, female participation in sports has been consistently rising at all levels of competition. As researchers have begun to examine the role of athletics in an athlete's life, the relationship between sports and eating disorders has begun to receive more attention, specifically with female athletes. Research on this topic has been inconsistent as some say sports act as a protective factor against the development of an eating disorder, while others suggest that sports place female athletes at a greater risk of developing an eating disorder. The review of current literature indicated that female collegiate athletes were more likely to exhibit disordered eating/eating disorder symptomatology as compared to male athletes and non-athletes, with Caucasian female athletes being at the greatest risk. The prevalence of disordered eating was greater than the prevalence of clinical eating disorders among female collegiate athletes. The type of sport in which an athlete participated produced the most variance in regards to disordered eating/eating disorder indices, with lean, aesthetic, and judged sports producing a higher incidence of disordered eating/eating disorder symptomatology. This finding indicates that it is not athletic participation as a whole that increases one's risk of disordered eating/eating disorder symptomatology; rather it is the particularities of the respective sport. As female athletic participation continues to rise at all levels of competition, female athletes remain at an increased risk of developing disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. To combat the increasing risk of disordered eating/eating disorder symptomatology among female collegiate athletes, suggestions for coaches regarding preventative measures and intervention strategies were noted. Coaches play a vital role in the life of an athlete, and it is of paramount importance that they ensure the safety and health of their athletes.