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Identification of Free and WHO-Compliant Handwashing Moments Using Low Cost Wrist-Worn Wearables | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore

Identification of Free and WHO-Compliant Handwashing Moments Using Low Cost Wrist-Worn Wearables


Data processing pipeline of the handwashing moments identification.

Abstract:

Hand washing is the simplest and most effective gesture, when correctly performed, for the prevention of many infections. For this reason, the World Health Organization (...Show More

Abstract:

Hand washing is the simplest and most effective gesture, when correctly performed, for the prevention of many infections. For this reason, the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined a washing procedure that guarantees effective and safe cleaning. This organization recommends that States promote this activity and monitor it continuously. Based on this fact, this article presents a work oriented to study the feasibility of identifying the moments in which a person carried out a hand washing, determining its beginning and duration, as well as if these washings were compliant with the WHO guidelines. The identification of washing moments is made through the analysis, by means of Machine Learning techniques, of the data that can be collected from the inertial sensors of the smartwatch the person is wearing. This study was carried out with the participation of 15 volunteers. Data was not only collected in controlled settings but, also, more than 600 hours of sensor measurements come from free-live conditions. The results of the study showed that it is feasible to build a solid solution based on the use of low cost wearables for the identification of washing moments. The solution is very effective (with F1 over 95%) with user-dependent models. Also, with user-independent models, the identification of WHO washings is also very effective (with F1 above 85%), but more limited in the detection of free washings (F1 around 55%).
Data processing pipeline of the handwashing moments identification.
Published in: IEEE Access ( Volume: 9)
Page(s): 133574 - 133593
Date of Publication: 23 September 2021
Electronic ISSN: 2169-3536

Funding Agency:

Author image of Juan M. Santos-Gago
atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo at Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Juan M. Santos-Gago (Member, IEEE) received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in telematics engineering from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, where he has lectured courses on computer architectures, programming, and artificial intelligence. He has pa...Show More
Juan M. Santos-Gago (Member, IEEE) received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in telematics engineering from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, where he has lectured courses on computer architectures, programming, and artificial intelligence. He has pa...View more
Author image of Mateo Ramos-Merino
atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo at Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Mateo Ramos-Merino received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 2014, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in information and communication technologies from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2020.
Since 2014, he has been a Research Assistant with the atlanTTic, a research center for telecommunication technologies, University of Vigo. He has lectured courses on computer science and multimedia services. His doctor...Show More
Mateo Ramos-Merino received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 2014, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in information and communication technologies from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2020.
Since 2014, he has been a Research Assistant with the atlanTTic, a research center for telecommunication technologies, University of Vigo. He has lectured courses on computer science and multimedia services. His doctor...View more
Author image of Luis M. Álvarez-Sabucedo
atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo at Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Luis M. Álvarez-Sabucedo received the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) from the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been working as an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo. Within this framework, he develops his teaching and research activity. As a Researcher, he has carried out investigations whose results have been disseminated ...Show More
Luis M. Álvarez-Sabucedo received the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) from the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been working as an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo. Within this framework, he develops his teaching and research activity. As a Researcher, he has carried out investigations whose results have been disseminated ...View more

Author image of Juan M. Santos-Gago
atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo at Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Juan M. Santos-Gago (Member, IEEE) received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in telematics engineering from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, where he has lectured courses on computer architectures, programming, and artificial intelligence. He has participated in several national and international research and development projects, in seven of them as a principal investigator. He is the author of approximately 200 publications, including articles in impact journals and communications in international peer-reviewed conferences. His main research interests include the use of semantic technologies and data analytics techniques to support the construction of advanced services in the eLearning and the eHealth domains.
Juan M. Santos-Gago (Member, IEEE) received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 1998, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in telematics engineering from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, where he has lectured courses on computer architectures, programming, and artificial intelligence. He has participated in several national and international research and development projects, in seven of them as a principal investigator. He is the author of approximately 200 publications, including articles in impact journals and communications in international peer-reviewed conferences. His main research interests include the use of semantic technologies and data analytics techniques to support the construction of advanced services in the eLearning and the eHealth domains.View more
Author image of Mateo Ramos-Merino
atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo at Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Mateo Ramos-Merino received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 2014, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in information and communication technologies from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2020.
Since 2014, he has been a Research Assistant with the atlanTTic, a research center for telecommunication technologies, University of Vigo. He has lectured courses on computer science and multimedia services. His doctoral dissertation dealt with process mining and traceability techniques in non-exhaustive monitoring environments. His research interests include the development of smart applications in the eHealth domain and the application of wearable devices to support personalized services.
Mateo Ramos-Merino received the M.S. degree in telecommunications engineering, in 2014, and the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) in information and communication technologies from the University of Vigo, Spain, in 2020.
Since 2014, he has been a Research Assistant with the atlanTTic, a research center for telecommunication technologies, University of Vigo. He has lectured courses on computer science and multimedia services. His doctoral dissertation dealt with process mining and traceability techniques in non-exhaustive monitoring environments. His research interests include the development of smart applications in the eHealth domain and the application of wearable devices to support personalized services.View more
Author image of Luis M. Álvarez-Sabucedo
atlanTTic, School of Telecommunications Engineering, University of Vigo at Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo, Spain
Luis M. Álvarez-Sabucedo received the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) from the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been working as an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo. Within this framework, he develops his teaching and research activity. As a Researcher, he has carried out investigations whose results have been disseminated in international journals and conferences. This active participation is articulated in the context of projects, both publicly and privately founded, as a collaborator and a main researcher. His research interests include applied semantics and web technologies in the areas of eGovernment and eHealth.
Luis M. Álvarez-Sabucedo received the Ph.D. degree (Hons.) from the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo, Spain, in 2008.
Since 2010, he has been working as an Associate Professor with the Department of Telematics Engineering, University of Vigo. Within this framework, he develops his teaching and research activity. As a Researcher, he has carried out investigations whose results have been disseminated in international journals and conferences. This active participation is articulated in the context of projects, both publicly and privately founded, as a collaborator and a main researcher. His research interests include applied semantics and web technologies in the areas of eGovernment and eHealth.View more

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