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Head and neck
Original research
Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma: an institutional technical analysis
  1. Joshua S Catapano1,
  2. Andrew F Ducruet1,
  3. Candice L Nguyen1,
  4. Jacob F Baranoski1,
  5. Tyler S Cole1,
  6. Neil Majmundar2,
  7. D Andrew Wilkinson2,
  8. Vance L Fredrickson3,
  9. Daniel D Cavalcanti1,
  10. Felipe C Albuquerque1
  1. 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
  2. 2 Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
  3. 3 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
  1. Correspondence to Dr Felipe C Albuquerque, Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85013-4409, USA; Felipe.Albuquerque{at}barrowbrainandspine.com

Abstract

Background Recently, middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has emerged as a potentially safe and effective method of treating chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH).

Objective To report a single-center experience with MMA embolization and examines the type of embolic material used, the extent of penetration, and the number of MMA branches embolized.

Methods A retrospective analysis of all patients with MMA embolization from 2018 through 2019 was performed. A failed outcome was defined as either surgical rescue and/or greater than 10 mm of hematoma residual or reaccumulation following embolization.

Results Of 35 patients, surgery had failed for 9 (26%) and initial conservative treatment had failed for 6 (17%). Of 41 MMA embolizations, including those in six patients with bilateral cSDH who underwent bilateral MMA embolization, 29 (72%) were performed using ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx), 7 (17%) using particles, and 5 (12%) using n-butyl cyanoacrylate. Both the anterior and posterior MMA divisions were embolized in 29 cases (71%); distal penetration of these branches was achieved in 25 embolizations (61%). Twenty-six (63%) cSDHs completely resolved. Complete resolution was seen in 22 of 29 hematomas (76%) in which both anterior and posterior MMA branches were occluded versus 4 of 12 (33%) following single-branch embolization (p=0.014). Embolization of one cSDH (2%) failed.

Conclusion MMA embolization of cSDHs appears to be both safe and efficacious. Furthermore, embolization of both the anterior and posterior MMA branches may be associated with increased odds of complete resolution.

  • angiography
  • embolic
  • subdural

Data availability statement

There are no additional data to share.

https://doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016552

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    Data availability statement

    There are no additional data to share.

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    Footnotes

    • Contributors All authors made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; and drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content; and provided final approval of the version to be published; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

    • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

    • Competing interests AFD is a consultant for Medtronic, Penumbra, Cerenovus, Stryker, and Koswire.

    • Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.